Congress Is Composed of the Senate and House of Representatives
Basahin sa Filipino
This folio includes the following:
- Introduction
- The Legislative Process
- History of the Legislature
Introduction
According to the 1987 Constitution, legislative power shall exist vested in the Congress of the Philippines, which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives.
The Senate shall be composed of twenty-4 Senators who shall be elected at large past the qualified voters of the Philippines, every bit may be provided by police; the Firm of Representatives shall be composed of not more than 250 (unless otherwise fixed by police), xx percent of whom must exist Party-list representatives.
The qualifications to go a senator, as stipulated in the constitution, are:
- a natural-born denizen of the Philippines;
- at least 30-five years old;
- is able to read and write
- a registered voter; and
- a resident of the Philippines for non less than two years before election mean solar day.
Meanwhile, the constitution provides for the following criteria to become a member of the House of Representatives:
- a natural-born denizen of the Philippines;
- at to the lowest degree 20-5 years old;
- is able to read and write; and
- except the party-listing representatives, a registered voter and a resident for at least i year in the district where s/he shall be elected.
Legislative process
Congress is responsible for making enabling laws to make sure the spirit of the constitution is upheld in the state and, at times, amend or change the constitution itself. In order to craft laws, the legislative torso comes out with ii main documents: bills and resolutions.
Resolutions convey principles and sentiments of the Senate or the House of Representatives. These resolutions tin further be divided into three different elements:
- articulation resolutions — require the approval of both chambers of Congress and the signature of the President, and have the force and effect of a constabulary if approved.
- concurrent resolutions — used for matters affecting the operations of both chambers of Congress and must be approved in the aforementioned form by both houses, but are not transmitted to the President for his signature and therefore have no force and effect of a law.
- elementary resolutions — deal with matters entirely within the prerogative of i chamber of Congress, are not referred to the President for his signature, and therefore have no force and effect of a law.
Bills are laws in the making. They pass into law when they are approved by both houses and the President of the Philippines. A bill may be vetoed by the President, but the House of Representatives may overturn a presidential veto by garnering a two/3rds vote. If the President does not act on a proposed law submitted past Congress, information technology will lapse into law afterwards 30 days of receipt.
Below is a chart mapping the process by which a law is made:
Officers and committees of the Senate
Senate officers
Senate President : Sen. Franklin Drilon
Senate President Pro-Tempore : Sen. Ralph Recto
Majority Floor Leader : Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano
Minority Floor Leader : Sen. Juan Ponce Enrile
Committee on the Accountability of Public Officers and Investigations (Blueish Ribbon)
Chairperson: Sen. Teofisto Guingona III
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to malfeasance, misfeasance and nonfeasance by officers and employees of the regime; implementation of the constitutional provision on nepotism; and investigation of any affair of public interest on its own initiative or brought to its attention by whatever fellow member of the Senate.
Committee on Accounts
Chairperson: unfilled
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the auditing and aligning of all accounts chargeable confronting the funds for the expenses and activities of the Senate.
Committee on Agrarian Reform
Chairperson: Sen. Gregorio Honasan II
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to agrestal reform, landed estates, and implementation of the agrestal state reform provisions of the Constitution.
Committee on Agronomics and Food
Chairperson: Sen. Cynthia Villar
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to agriculture, food-production and agri-concern, such as agricultural experimental stations, soil survey and conservation, beast husbandry, and fisheries and aquatic resource.
Committee on Banks, Financial Institutions, and Currencies
Chairperson: Sen. Sergio Osmeña III
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to banks, fiscal institutions, regime and individual currencies, capital markets, mutual funds, securitization, coinage and circulation of coin.
Commission on Civil Service and Government Reorganization
Chairperson: Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the ceremonious service and the status of officers and employees of the regime including their compensation privileges, benefits, and commonage negotiation agreements; reorganization of the government or whatsoever of its branches; and all other matters relating to the bureaucracy.
Committee on Climate Change
Chairperson: Sen. Loren Legarda
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies, programs, strategies, technologies and other innovations addressing global warming and climate change impacts.
Committee on Constitutional Amendments and Revision of Codes
Chairperson: Sen. Miriam Defensor Santiago
Jurisdiction: All matters proposing amendments to the constitution of the Philippines, and the revision of existing codes.
Commission on Cooperatives
Chairperson: Sen. Manuel Lapid
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to cooperatives, including farm credit and farm security, cooperative movements, and the implementation of the Cooperative Code of the Philippines.
Committee on Cultural Communities
Chairperson: Sen. Loren Legarda
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to cultural communities.
Commission on Economic Affairs
Chairperson: Sen. Joseph Victor Ejercito
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to economic planning and programming, full general economic development, and coordination, regulation and diversification of industry and investments.
Committee on Education, Arts, and Culture
Chairperson: Sen. Pia Cayetano
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to education, schools, colleges, and universities; the implementation of the constitution provision for a free public elementary and secondary pedagogy; non-formal, informal and indigenous learning systems, and developed educational activity; the preservation, enrichment and development of Filipino arts and culture; and the establishment and maintenance of libraries, museums, shrines, monuments, and other historical sites and edifices.
Committee on Electoral Reform and People's Participation
Chairperson: Sen. Aquilino Pimentel III
Jurisdiction: All matters pertaining to election laws and to the implementation of the constitutional provisions on initiative and referendum on legislative acts, call up of elective officials, the role and rights of people's organizations, and sectoral or party listing representation.
Committee on Free energy
Chairperson: Sen. Sergio Osmeña III
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the exploration, exploitation, evolution, extraction, importation, refining, ship, distribution, marketing, conservation, or storage of all forms of energy; renewable and potential forms of free energy resource; and generation, manual and distribution of electrical power.
Committee on Environs and Natural Resources
Chairperson: Sen. Loren Legarda
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the conservation and protection of the environs, and all matters relating to the management, evolution, protection, exploration and utilization of the country'south national reserves such as forest and mineral resources.
Committee on Ethics and Privileges
Chairperson: unfilled
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the bear, rights, privileges, safety, dignity, integrity, and reputation of the Senate and its members.
Committee on Finance
Chairpersons: Sen. Francis Escudero (Subcommittee A), Sen. Sergio Osmeña III (Subcommittee B), Sen. Loren Legarda (Subcommittee C), Sen. Ralph Recto (Subcommittee D), Sen. Teofisto Guingona III (Subcommittee E)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to funds for the expenditures of the national regime and for the payment of public indebtedness; auditing of accounts and expenditures of the national government; intergovernmental revenue sharing; and, in full general, all matters relating to public expenditures.
Committee on Foreign Relations
Chairperson: Sen. Miriam Defensor Santiago
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the relations of the Philippines with other nations; diplomatic and consular service; the Un (UN) and its agencies, the Asean (ASEAN), and other multilateral organizations; all international agreements, obligations and contracts; and overseas Filipinos.
Commission on Games, Amusement, and Sports
Chairperson: Sen. Juan Edgardo Angara
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to games and amusement such as lotteries, equus caballus-racing, boxing, and basketball, and matters related to amateur grassroots and elite sports development.
Committee on Government Corporations and Public Enterprises
Chairperson: Sen. Cynthia Villar
Jurisdiction: All matters affecting government corporations, including all amendments to their charters, the interests of the government industrial and commercial enterprises, and privatization.
Committee on Health and Demography
Chairperson: Sen. Teofisto Guingona Three
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to public health, medical, hospital and quarantine services, and population problems, concerns, policies and programs affecting individuals and their families.
Committee on Justice and Human Rights
Chairperson: Sen. Aquilino Pimentel Iii
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the system and administration of justice, civil courts, and penitentiaries; impeachment proceedings confronting constitutional officers and other officers; registration of state titles; immigration and naturalization; the implementation of the ramble provisions on man rights; and all matters pertaining to the efficiency and reforms in the prosecution service.
Committee on Labor, Employment, and Homo Resource Development
Chairperson: Sen. Jinggoy Ejercito Estrada
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to labor employment and man resource development; labor instruction and standards; recruitment, training and placement of workers and exports of homo resource; and promotion and development of workers' organizations.
Committee on Local Government
Chairperson: Sen. Ferdinand Marcos Jr.
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to autonomous regions, provinces, cities, special metropolitan political subdivisions, municipalities, and barangays.
Committee on National Defense and Security
Chairperson: Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to national defense force, and external and internal threats to national security; the War machine of the Philippines (AFP); war veterans and military retirees; ceremonious defence; and military research and development.
Committee on Peace, Unification, and Reconciliation
Chairperson: Sen. Teofisto Guingona III
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to peace, armed disharmonize resolution, political negotiation, cessation of hostilities, amnesty, integration and evolution of former rebels, and national unification and reconciliation.
Commission on Public Information and Mass Media
Chairperson: Sen. Grace Poe
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to public information, mass communication and broadcast services, the implementation of the constitutional provisions regarding ownership of mass media and the advert industry, and the artistic standards and quality of the motion film and tv industry.
Commission on Public Order and Unsafe Drugs
Chairperson: Sen. Grace Poe
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to peace and order, the Philippine National Police (PNP), the Agency of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), the Agency of Fire Protection (BFP), and private security agencies; the possession, use, cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of prohibited and regulated drugs, the prosecution of offenders, and rehabilitation of drug users and dependents.
Committee on Public Services
Chairperson: Sen. Ramon Revilla Jr.
Jurisdiction: All matters affecting public services and utilities, communications, country, air, river and sea transportation including railroads, inter-island navigation and lighthouses, and the grant or amendment of legislative franchises.
Committee on Public Works
Chairperson: Sen. Ferdinand Marcos Jr.
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to planning, construction, maintenance, improvement and repair of public buildings, highways, bridges, roads, ports, airports, harbors and parks, drainage and alluvion control, and irrigation and h2o utilities.
Committee on Rules
Chairperson: Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano
Jurisdiction: All matters affecting the rules of the Senate, the agenda and parliamentary rules, the order and manner of transacting business, and the creation of committees.
Committee on Science and Technology
Chairperson: Sen. Ralph Recto
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to science and technology, including scientific and technological inquiry, development and advancement.
Committee on Social Justice, Welfare, and Rural Evolution
Chairperson: Sen. Maria Lourdes Binay
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to rural development and welfare, and the implementation of the constitution provisions on social justice.
Committee on Tourism
Chairperson: Sen. Manuel Lapid
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to tourism and the tourist industry.
Commission on Trade, Commerce, and Entrepreneurship
Chairperson: Sen. Paolo Benigno Aquino IV
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to domestic and foreign merchandise and individual corporations; micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs); social enterprises; the promotion of entrepreneurship and the regulation of entrepreneurial do; patents, copyrights, trade names and trademarks; quality control; control and stabilization of prices of commodities; consumer protection; and handicraft and cottage industries.
Commission on Urban Planning, Housing, and Resettlement
Chairperson: Sen. Joseph Victor Ejercito
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to urban country reform planning, housing, resettlement, and urban community development.
Committee on Means and Means
Chairperson: Sen. Juan Edgardo Angara
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to revenue-generation, taxes and fees, tariffs, loans, and other sources and forms of revenue.
Committee on Women, Family Relations, and Gender Equality
Chairperson: Sen. Pia Cayetano
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the women, family unit relations, and equality before the police force of women and men.
Committee on Youth
Chairperson: Sen. Paolo Benigno Aquino IV
Jurisdiction: All matters related to the youth and its vital role in nation-building, promotion and protection of their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being, and their involvement in public and civic diplomacy.
Officers and committees of the House of Representatives
Business firm Speaker : Rep. Feliciano Belmonte Jr. (Quezon City, quaternary District)
Deputy House Speakers : Rep. Henedina Abad (Batanes, Lone Commune)
Rep. Giorgidi Aggabao (Isabela, 4th Commune)
Rep. Sergio Apostol (Leyte, 2d Commune)
Rep. Pangalian Balindong (Lanao del Sur, second District)
Rep. Carlos Padilla (Nueva Vizcaya, Lone Commune)
Rep. Roberto Puno (Antipolo City, 1st Commune)
Majority Floor Leader : Rep. Neptali Gonzales II (Mandaluyong City, Lone District)
Minority Flooring Leader : Rep. Ronaldo Zamora (San Juan Urban center, Lone District)
Committee on Accounts
Chairperson: Rep. Eleandro Jesus Madrona (Romblon, Lone Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the internal budget of the House of Representatives, including budget preparation, submission and approval, disbursements, accounting, and financial operations.
Commission on Agrarian Reform
Chairperson: Rep. Teddy Brawner Baguilat Jr. (Ifugao, Lone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to agrarian reform, the resettlement of and other support services for agrarian reform beneficiaries, and the implementation and amendment of the Comprehensive Agrestal Reform Police.
Committee on Agriculture and Food
Chairperson: Rep. Mark Llandro Mendoza (Batangas, 4th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to nutrient and agricultural production, agri-business, agricultural research and technology, soil survey and research, irrigation, subcontract credit and security, animate being industry, and crop and livestock production.
Committee on Appropriations
Chairperson: Rep. Isidro Ungab (Davao Metropolis, third District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the expenditures of the national government including payment of public indebtedness, creation or abolition and classification of positions in government, and the determination of salaries, allowances and benefits of government personnel.
Committee on Aquaculture and Fisheries Resources
Chairperson: Rep. Benhur Salimbangon (Cebu, 4th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to aquaculture and fisheries production and evolution, aquaculture concern, use of aquatic resources, freshwater and fisheries culture research and technology, and conservation of rivers, lakes and other fisheries resource.
Committee on Banks and Fiscal Intermediaries
Chairperson: Rep. Sonny Collantes (Batangas, 3rd Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to banking and currency, government-owned or controlled banks and financial institutions, non-government banks and financial institutions, insurance, and securities.
Commission on Basic Education and Culture
Chairperson: Rep. Kimi Cojuangco (Pangasinan, 5th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to pre-schoolhouse, elementary and secondary education, science high schools (except the Philippine Science High School), teachers' and students' welfare, alternative learning systems and customs adult education, the national linguistic communication, libraries and museums, and the preservation and enrichment of Filipino civilization.
Committee on Ceremonious Service and Professional person Regulation
Chairperson: Rep. Andres Salvacion Jr. (Leyte, 3rd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the organization, operation, management, rules and regulations of the civil service, the welfare and benefits of government officers and employees, and the regulation and practice of professions.
Committee on Ramble Amendments
Chairperson: Rep. Mylene Garcia-Albano (Davao City, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters straight and principally relating to amendments or revisions of the constitution.
Commission on Cooperatives Evolution
Chairperson: Rep. Cresente Paez (COOP NATCCO Party-list)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to cooperatives (consumer, producers, marketing, service, electric, and multi-purpose), urban- and rural-based credit, and the implementation or amendment of the Cooperative Code of the Philippines.
Committee on Dangerous Drugs
Chairperson: Rep. Vicente Belmonte Jr. (Iligan City, Lone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to illegal or prohibited drugs, its production, industry, use and trafficking, and the rehabilitation and treatment of drug dependents.
Committee on Ecology
Chairperson: Rep. Amado Bagatsing (Manila, 5th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to ecosystem direction, including pollution control.
Committee on Economical Affairs
Chairperson: Rep. Enrique Cojuangco (Tarlac, 1st Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to economic development planning and programs, inclusive of economical and socio-economic studies, and development policies and strategies.
Committee on Energy
Chairperson: Rep. Reynaldo Umali (Oriental Mindoro, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the exploration, development, utilization or conservation of energy resources, and entities involved in energy or power generation, manual, distribution and supply.
Committee on Ethics and Privileges
Chairperson: Rep. Joaquin Chipeco Jr. (Laguna, 2nd Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the duties, conduct, rights, privileges and immunities, dignity, integrity, and reputation of the House of Representatives and its members.
Committee on Strange Affairs
Chairperson: Rep. Al Francis Bichara (Albay, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the relations of the Philippines with other countries, diplomatic and consular services, the United Nations (United nations) and its agencies, and other international organizations and agencies.
Committee on Games and Amusements
Chairperson: Rep. Elpidio Barzaga Jr. (Cavite, 4th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to all forms and places of gaming and amusements.
Committee on Expert Governance and Public Accountability
Chairperson: Rep. Oscar Rodriguez (Pampanga, 3rd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to malfeasance, misfeasance and nonfeasance by officers and employees of the government, inclusive of investigations of any matter of public interest on its ain initiative or upon an order by the Firm of Representatives.
Committee on Regime Enterprises and Privatization
Chairperson: Rep. Jesus Sacdalan (Due north Cotabato, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the creation, organization, operation, reorganization, and amendments of charters of authorities-owned or controlled corporations (GOCCs) including the Authorities Service Insurance Organization (GSIS) and the Social Security System (SSS), but excluding government-endemic or controlled banks and fiscal institutions.
Committee on Government Reorganization
Chairperson: Rep. Romeo Acop (Antipolo City, 2d District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the reorganization of the regime and its branches, departments and instrumentalities, and the cosmos, abolitionism or change of the main functions or nature of any authorities department, bureau, committee or board.
Committee on Health
Chairperson: Rep. Eufranio Eriguel, M.D. (La Union, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to public health and hygiene, and quarantine, medical, hospital and other health facilities and services.
Committee on Higher and Technical Education
Chairperson: Rep. Roman Romulo (Pasig Urban center, Lone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to mail-secondary and tertiary education, technical pedagogy, distance education, students' and teachers' welfare, and centers of excellence.
Committee on Housing and Urban Development
Chairperson: Rep. Alfredo Benitez (Negros Occidental, 3rd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to shelter delivery, and the management of urbanization bug and concerns such as urban planning and development, urban land reform and welfare of the urban poor.
Committee on Human Rights
Chairperson: Rep. Guillermo Romarate Jr. (Surigao del Norte, second Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the protection and enhancement of human rights, assistance to victims of human rights violations and their families, the prevention of violations of human rights, and the penalty of perpetrators of such violations.
Committee on Information and Communications Technology
Chairperson: Rep. Joel Roy Duavit (Rizal, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to postal, telegraph, radio, broadcast, cable goggle box, telephone, convergence, computers and telecommunications technologies, data systems inclusive of hardware, software and content applications, mobile short messaging system (SMS) applications, and networks that enable admission to online engineering.
Commission on Interparliamentary Relations and Diplomacy
Chairperson: Rep. Raul del Mar (Cebu Urban center, 1st Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to inter-parliamentary relations and linkages with international parliamentary organizations, establishment of inter-parliamentary friendship societies, and visits of parliamentary delegations also as other foreign dignitaries.
Committee on Justice
Chairperson: Niel Tupas Jr. (Iloilo, 5th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the assistants of justice, the Judiciary, the practice of police and integration of the Bar, legal aid, penitentiaries, impeachment proceedings, registration of land titles, immigration, deportation, naturalization, and the definition of crimes and their penalties.
Commission on Labor and Employment
Chairperson: Rep. Karlo Alexei Nograles (Davao City, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to labor, the advancement and protection of workers' rights and welfare, employment and manpower development, labor standards, and the organization and development of the labor market including the recruitment, training and placement of manpower.
Committee on Legislative Franchises
Chairperson: Rep. Marcelino Teodoro (Marikina Metropolis, 1st Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters directly and principally relating to the grant, amendment, extension or revocation of franchises.
Committee on Local Authorities
Chairperson: Rep. Pedro Acharon Jr. (South Cotabato, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to democratic regions, provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays, including their revenues and expenditures.
Commission on Metro Manila Development
Chairperson: Rep. Winston Castelo (Quezon City, 2nd Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs to promote and heighten the development of the Metro Manila area.
Committee on Mindanao Diplomacy
Chairperson: Rep. Arnulfo Get (Sultan Kudarat, 2nd Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the development of Mindanao, including the preparation of a comprehensive and integrated development program for Mindanao.
Committee on Muslim Affairs
Chairperson: Rep. Tupay Loong (Sulu, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to Muslim diplomacy inclusive of the welfare of Muslim Filipinos, and the evolution of predominantly Muslim areas.
Committee on National Cultural Communities
Chairperson: Rep. Nancy Catamco (North Cotabato, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to national cultural communities, and the evolution of predominantly cultural customs areas.
Committee on National Defense force and Security
Chairperson: Rep. Rodolfo Biazon (Muntinlupa Metropolis, Lone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to national defense and national security, the Armed forces of the Philippines (AFP), military bases, declension and geodetic surveys, and disaster relief and rescue.
Committee on Natural Resource
Chairperson: Rep. Francisco Matugas (Surigao del Norte, 1st Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to natural resources (except free energy and fisheries resources) and their exploration, conservation, direction and utilization, public domain lands, mines and minerals, forests, parks and wildlife, and marine resource.
Committee on Overseas Workers Diplomacy
Chairperson: Rep. Walden Bello (Akbayan Party-list)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs on the promotion and protection of the rights and welfare of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) and their families.
Committee on People's Participation
Chairperson: Rep. Benjamin Asilo (Manila, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the role, rights and responsibilities of people'southward organizations, not-government and civic organizations, and other like groups, and the establishment of mechanisms on people's participation in governance and legislation.
Committee on Population and Family unit Relations
Chairperson: Rep. Rogelio Espina, Thou.D. (Biliran, Lone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to population growth and family planning, population census and statistics, family relations, and care of the elderly.
Committee on Poverty Alleviation
Chairperson: Rep. Salvio Fortuno (Camarines Sur, 5th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs to address the poverty situation in the country and other actions to alleviate the plight of the poor, and promote their right to equal access to opportunities.
Commission on Public Information
Chairperson: Rep. Jorge Almonte (Misamis Occidental, 1st Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the production and dissemination of information to the public through all forms of mass communications and media such as print and broadcast media, flick and television, video, advertising, cablevision television set, and the cyberspace.
Commission on Public Order and Safety
Chairperson: Rep. Jeffrey Ferrer (Negros Occidental, quaternary District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the suppression of criminality including those on illegal gambling, private armies, terrorism, organized crime and illegal drugs, regulation of firearms, firecrackers and pyrotechnics, civil defense, private security agencies, and the Philippine National Police force (PNP).
Commission on Public Works and Highways
Chairperson: Rep. Ronald Cosalan (Benguet, Lone Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the planning, construction, maintenance, improvement and repair of public infrastructure inclusive of buildings, highways, bridges, roads, parks, drainage, overflowing control and water utilities.
Committee on Revision of Laws
Chairperson: Rep. Marlyn Primicias-Agabas (Pangasinan, 6th District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the revision and codified of laws.
Commission on Rules
Chairperson: Rep. Neptali Gonzales II (Mandaluyong City, Lone Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the rules of the House of Representatives, rules of process in impeachment proceedings, club of concern, calendar of business organization, the referral of bills, resolutions, speeches, committee reports, messages, and the creation of committees.
Commission on Rural Development
Chairperson: Rep. Manuel Agyao (Kalinga, Lone Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the development of rural areas and islands through policies, programs, and support services including livelihood and enterprise development, microfinancing, community mobilization and evolution, and access to rural projects funding and financing.
Committee on Science and Engineering science
Chairperson: Rep. Victor Yu (Zamboanga del Sur, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to science and technology including scientific and technological research and development, science and engineering education including the Philippine Science High Schoolhouse System, intellectual property rights on biotechnology, and climate and weather forecasting.
Committee on Small Business organisation and Entrepreneurship Evolution
Chairperson: Rep. Neil Benedict Montejo (An Waray Party-listing)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs on entrepreneurship evolution including the promotion of entrepreneurship, support to entrepreneurs, and the establishment and development of small-scale and medium-calibration enterprises (SMEs).
Committee on Social Services
Chairperson: Rep. Arturo Robes (San Juan del Monte City, Solitary District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the social development and welfare of persons with disabilities or special needs, including social services and interventions that enhance quality of life.
Commission on Suffrage and Electoral Reforms
Chairperson: Rep. Fredenil Castro (Capiz, second District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the protection and advancement of the right of suffrage, and the bear of elections, plebiscites, initiatives, recalls and referenda.
Commission on Tourism
Chairperson: Rep. Rene Relampagos (Bohol, 1st Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the development and promotion of tourism and the tourist industry, both domestic and international.
Committee on Merchandise and Industry
Chairperson: Rep. Mark Villar (Las Piñas Urban center, Lone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to domestic and strange merchandise, intellectual property rights, patents, standards, weights and measures, quality control, consumer protection, prices of bolt, handicrafts and cottage industries, and the development, regulation and diversification of industry and investments.
Committee on Transportation
Chairperson: Rep. Cesar Sarmiento (Catanduanes, Alone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to land, body of water, and air transportation, the establishment, operation, direction and regulation of airports, seaports and other mass transportation systems including rails systems and roll on-coil off (RO-RO) systems, civil aviation, air transport agreements, transportation safety standards, air transport security, and maritime security.
Committee on Veterans Affairs and Welfare
Chairperson: Rep. Herminia Roman (Bataan, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the welfare of state of war veterans, veterans of military machine campaigns, military retirees, and their surviving spouses and beneficiaries.
Committee on Ways and Ways
Chairperson: Rep. Romero Quimbo (Marikina Metropolis, second District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the fiscal, budgetary and financial affairs of the national government, including tariff, tax, revenues, borrowing, and credit and bonded indebtedness.
Committee on Welfare of Children
Chairperson: Rep. Aurora Enerio Cerilles (Zamboanga del Sur, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the needs, education and overall welfare of Filipino children.
Committee on Welfare and Gender Equality
Chairperson: Rep. Linabelle Ruth Villarica (Bulacan, quaternary Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the rights and welfare of women and female person children and youth, inclusive of their teaching, employment and working weather, and concerns relating to gender equality.
Committee on Youth and Sports Development
Chairperson: Rep. Anthony Del Rosario (Davao del Norte, 1st District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to youth development, including the development of their leadership potentials and the promotion of their moral, physical, intellectual and social well-beingness, and sports development.
Special Committee on Bases Conversion
Chairperson: Rep. Cinchona Cruz-Gonzales (CIBAC Party-list)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs relating to bases conversion, the operation of special economical zones in old armed forces bases, sale of military camps, relocation of military camps and personnel, and the construction of new military camps.
Special Committee on Bicol Recovery and Economical Development
Chairperson: Rep. Rodel Batocabe (Ako Bicol Political party-list)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs to promote the development of the Bicol region, inclusive of developmental projects, care programs and the Bicol River basin project.
Special Commission on the Due east ASEAN Growth Area
Chairperson: Rep. Raymond Democrito Mendoza (TUCP Party-list)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to social, political, economical policies affecting the countries within the area, and the promotion of trade and investment among these countries.
Special Commission on Food Security
Chairperson: Rep. Agapito Guanlao (Butil Political party-list)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to programs and policies relating to food production and distribution, sustained growth and self-reliance in the production of bones food commodities, the availability of these bolt to the people, and long-term food security for the nation.
Special Committee on Globalization and WTO
Chairperson: Rep. Irwin Tieng (Buhay Political party-listing)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the effects on diverse social sectors of World Trade Organization (WTO) policies, and other actions to harness opportunities offered by globalization for development.
Special Committee on Land Use
Chairperson: Rep. Kaka Bag-ao (Dinagat Islands, Lone Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to country utilize issues inclusive of the enhancement of resource apply and management of indigenous cultural communities, preservation of historical and cultural heritage sites, and linkages amid agencies and stakeholders in state resource management.
Special Committee on Millennium Development Goals
Chairperson: Rep. Teodorico Haresco Jr. (Aklan, Alone District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the achievement of the state's delivery to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) past 2015.
Special Commission on the North Luzon Growth Quadrangle
Chairperson: Rep. Maximo Dalog (Mountain Province, Solitary Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to all policies and programs concerning the development of municipalities, cities, provinces, and other local communities in the northwest Luzon area.
Special Committee on Peace, Reconciliation, and Unity
Chairperson: Rep. Jim Hataman-Salliman (Basilan, Lone Commune)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to negotiations and other initiatives in pursuit of the peace procedure and national reconciliation, the cessation of hostilities generated by internal armed conflicts, and the welfare of rebel-returnees.
Special Committee on Reforestation
Chairperson: Rep. Susan Yap (Tarlac, second District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to policies and programs on reforestation, and other actions to ensure the implementation of a sustained community-based nationwide reforestation programme.
Commission on Southern Tagalog Development
Chairperson: Rep. Isidro Rodriguez Jr. (Rizal, 2nd District)
Jurisdiction: All matters relating to the development of the Southern Tagalog area, inclusive agricultural areas, tourism, economic, and industrial estates and processing areas therein.
History of the legislature
Representation in the Spanish Cortes
Prior to the creation of a legislature in the Philippines, Filipinos, from fourth dimension to time, were allowed to sit down in the Spanish Cortes as representatives of the Philippine Islands. In 1810, the Spanish government immune Filipinos to receive Spanish citizenship and appropriate representation in the Cortes. When the Cadiz Constitution was in full force and effect, Filipino representation became a standard in the Cortes. However, in 1837, the liberal Cortes finally abolished representation and alleged that overseas territories of Espana to be ruled past special laws. This loss of representation was one of the main points that Jose Rizal and other propagandists were fighting for during the Propaganda movement.
Malolos Republic, 1899 – 1901
The first Filipino legislature was convened on September 15, 1898 in Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. Later known equally the Malolos Republic, it drafted the showtime constitution of the Philippines, which was as well the offset democratic constitution in Asia. The Congress included delegates from different provinces of the Philippines, some elected and some appointed. It was a brusque-lived legislature, unable to laissez passer any laws due to the onset of the Philippine-American War. The first Philippine Republic was concluded on March 23, 1901 with the capture of President Emilio Aguinaldo in Palanan, Isabela.
Philippine Committee, 1899 – 1916
In 1899, United States President William McKinley appointed a commission led past Dr. Jacob Schurman to written report and investigate the weather condition in the Philippine Islands. This would be known every bit the offset Philippine Commission. It was followed past another investigative commission led by William Howard Taft in 1900, which as well had express legislative and executive powers. From 1901 onwards, the Philippine Commission would be regularized. Information technology exercised both executive and legislative powers, with three Filipino delegates, namely Benito Legarda, Trinidad Pardo de Tavera, Jose Luzuriaga. Subsequently the organization of the Philippine Assembly (see below) in 1907, the committee stayed on as the upper firm of the legislature.
Philippine Assembly, 1907 – 1916
Electoral representation in the Philippines by Filipinos began when the American insular government allowed partial self-governance by establishing the Philippine Assembly. The assembly, every bit the lower business firm, shared legislative ability with the Philippine Commission, which remained under American control, equally membership in the Philippine Committee was still restricted to appointed American officials. In 1907, still nether American rule, the Philippines held its first national elections for the newly created representative body, which had an inaugural membership of 81 Filipinos representing their corresponding districts. In the succeeding years, the number of districts were increased to 85 in 1910, and 91 in 1912.
Resident commissioners, 1907 – 1946
From 1907 to 1946, the Philippine legislature sent a representative to sit in the U.Due south. House of Representatives, every bit resident commissioner. Under Spain, the Philippines had also been given limited representation in the Castilian Cortes, and like the resident commissioners, they had the right to speak, only not to vote. The restoration of Philippine independence in 1946 ended Philippine representation in the U.S. Congress. (Note: To this 24-hour interval, Puerto Rico still has a resident commissioner in the U.South. Firm of Representatives.)
The Philippine Legislature, 1916 – 1935
Upon the enactment of the Jones Law in 1916, the Filipinos were subsequently granted the opportunity to hold other offices in the government. Positions in the Philippine Senate were opened to Filipinos, with 12 senatorial districts and ii senators elected from each. The inaugural President of the Senate in 1916 was Manuel L. Quezon, representing the 5th senatorial district. He would hold this position until the institution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines in 1935. For the 19 years prior to the Republic, the Senate presidency was the highest position a Filipino could hold.
From the start Philippine Commission to the establishment of the Democracy of the Philippines, the Philippine legislature were passing public acts. This form of legislation is started at Congress, with the approval of the American governor-general of the Philippine Islands.
Commonwealth of the Philippines, 1935 – 1946
On November 15, 1935, Quezon took his oath as the kickoff President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, giving control of the executive branch of government to the Filipinos. It was likewise in this era that the Supreme Courtroom of the Philippines was completely Filipinized. By virtue of the 1935 Constitution, the bicameral Philippine legislature was merged to form the unicameral National Assembly.
2 elections were held under the Commonwealth. The first, in 1935, elected the President of the Philippines likewise as members of the National Assembly; the second, in 1939, elected only members of the National Assembly. The National Assembly would be retained until 1941, when a new construction for the legislature was introduced through a ramble amendment.
From the Commonwealth period to the inauguration of the Third Philippine Republic, the Philippine legislature was passing Commonwealth acts (CA). This grade of legislation is started at the National Assembly and approved by the President of the Philippines.
Constitutional amendments of 1941
After 6 years under a unicameral legislature, the Constitution of 1935 was amended, dividing the National Assembly into ii carve up houses. The Senate of the Philippines and the House of Representatives were reestablished, with a Senate President and a Speaker of the House leading their respective chambers.
The elections for members of these newly created chambers were held in 1941. However, the onset of World War II prevented the elected members from assuming their posts and the legislature of the Commonwealth of the Philippines was dissolved upon the exile of the government of the Philippines.
The Second Republic, 1943
On Oct fourteen, 1943, the Japanese-sponsored Second Republic was inaugurated, with Jose. P. Laurel as the President. This government followed the newly crafted 1943 Constitution, and reverted the legislature back to a unicameral National Associates. The National Associates of the 2nd Republic would remain in being until the arrival of the Allied forces in 1944, which liberated the Philippines from the Imperial Japanese forces.
Restoration of the Philippine Republic, 1945 – 1946
Upon the reestablishment of the Republic in 1945, President Sergio Osmeña called for a special session of Congress. The first Congress convened on June ix of that year, with most of the senators and representatives, who were elected in 1941, bold their positions. Manuel Roxas and Jose C. Zulueta served as Senate President and Speaker of the House, respectively. Not all, however, were allowed to take their mail service considering some were incarcerated for collaboration with the Japanese.
The inaugural session, was held in a converted school firm in Lepanto St., Manila, as the Legislative Building in Manila was reduced to ruins every bit an outcome of the war.
On April 23, 1946, national elections were held to cull new members of Congress, the President, and the Vice President of the Philippines. After the elections the second Congress of the Commonwealth convened on May 25, 1946. It would only terminal until July 4, 1946, with the inauguration of the Third Republic of the Philippines.
The Third Republic, 1946 – 1972
The independent Republic of the Philippines was finally proclaimed on July 4, 1946 with Manuel Roxas every bit President. The Second Congress of the Commonwealth was transformed into the first Congress of the Democracy of the Philippines, as well made up of the Senate and the Business firm of Representatives. This would mark the showtime of the count of Congresses of the Republic until the imposition of Martial Law in 1972, when Congress would be dissolved.
This era started the legislation of republic acts which would keep until 1972. Upon the restoration of democracy in 1986 and the ratification of the 1987 Constitution, the naming of laws equally commonwealth acts would be reinstated.
Martial constabulary and the Fourth Commonwealth, 1972-1986
On September 23, 1972 President Ferdinand E. Marcos issued Presidential Proclamation No. 1081, placing the entire country under Martial Police. This coincided with the closing of the sessions of both chambers of Congress. Days before the scheduled reopening of the Senate and the House of Representatives, Marcos promulgated the 1973 Constitution, which effectively abolished the bicameral legislature and replaced it with a unicameral legislature. Opposition legislators reported to the Legislative Building on January 22, 1973, but found the edifice padlocked and under an armed guard.
Nether martial rule, Marcos created the Batasang Bayan in 1976, by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 995, to serve as a legislative advisory quango—a quasi-legislative mechanism to normalize the legislative process for the eventual actualization of the 1973 Constitution. The Batasang Bayan would hold role in the Philippine International Convention Heart (a modernist construction designed by National Artist for Architecture Leandro Locsin, within the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex—a pet projection of First Lady Imelda R. Marcos). The consultative body would serve until 1978.
The Batasang Bayan would exist replaced in 1978 by an elected unicameral body: the Interim Batasang Pambansa (IBP), a parliamentary legislature, as provided for in the 1973 Constitution. On April 7, 1978, elections for were held. Those elected to the IBP would exist chosen Mambabatas Pambansa (Assemblymen) who would be elected per region, via a bloc-voting system. The IBP opened on Independence Twenty-four hours 1984 in the Batasan Pambansa in Quezon City.
Members of the Regular Batasang Pambansa (RBP) were elected in 1984, this time at-big and per province. The RBP held its inaugural session on July 23, 1984.
In 1986, President Marcos succumbed to international force per unit area and called for a snap presidential election. Though Marcos and his running mate sometime Senator and Assemblyman Arturo Tolentino were proclaimed past the Batasang Pambansa every bit the winners of the election, a popular revolt installed opposition leaders Corazon C. Aquino and Salvador H. Laurel every bit President and Vice President, respectively.
For both the IBP and RBP, the laws passed would be called "Batas Pambansa," which did not continue the previous numbering of Republic Acts.
The Fifth Republic, 1987 – present
On March 25, 1986, President Aquino declared a revolutionary government by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 3, s. 1986, which suspended some provisions of the 1973 Constitution and promulgated in its stead a transitory constitution. This effectively abolished the Batasang Pambansa. A ramble commission, tasked with drafting a new charter, was created by virtue of Proclamation No. nine issued on April 23, 1986.
Following the overwhelming ratification of the 1987 Constitution through a national referendum held on February ii, 1987, the 1987 Constitution finally came into full force and effect on February 11, 1987. It re-established a bicameral legislature, equanimous of the House of Representatives and the Senate, much similar the way it was before martial law. The former, being much larger in composition, reopened in the Batasan Pambansa while the Senate, still with its 24 members, returned to the Legislative Building. In 1997, the Senate of the Philippines moved to the GSIS building where it is currently housed.
Laws passed by the bicameral legislature would restore "Republic Acts", equally the laws were named in the Tertiary Commonwealth (1946-1972). Moreover, information technology was decided to maintain the erstwhile count, taking up where the last pre-martial law Congress left off. Thus, the final Congress under the 1935 Constitution was the seventh Congress, and the offset Congress under the 1987 Constitution became the eighth Congress.
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The ramble provisions for the legislature are written in Article Vi of the 1987 Constitution.
Visit the website of the Senate of the Philippines: www.senate.gov.ph
Visit the website of the House of Representatives: www.congress.gov.ph
Evolution of the Philippine Congress: A graphic timeline
arkwookerumtraturness.blogspot.com
Source: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/about/gov/the-legislative-branch/
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